God and gender. The Dynamics of Changes in Religiosity in the Countries of the Former SFRY
In this paper, the author analyzes the differences between male and female gender in relation to (non-)religiosity. The humankind began with divine creation of male and female, and Erich Fromm claims that the need for religion is rooted in the basic conditions of humankind. We can notice more frequent religiosity of the females in relation to the males by following the periodicity of (non-) religiosity in relation to gender differences. Starting from some psycho-sociological theories, we find a kind of explanation for female domination in religiosity. The second part of the paper is based on the results of a study conducted in the former Yugoslav republics. In the analysis, we used a comparative methodology in these republics in the period from 1989 to 2010. We were interested in whether there are any changes in the dynamics of religiosity of men and women, and in what direction they are going. An important result of the comparative analysis is an insight into dynamics of the changes of gender and religiosity. Accordingly, we can detect an increase in the proportion of men, and a slight decrease in the proportion of women in religiosity. The basic conclusion of this analysis is that at the beginning of the twenty-first century, there was a kind of egalitarianism in religiosity of the male and female gender in comparison with the studies from the socialist period. The studies in the socialist period gave a plausible advantage to the religiosity of the female gender. Obviously, the new millennium brings certain changes in religiosity of the gender in the countries of the former Yugoslavia.
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