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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.2" xml:lang="ru" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="issn">2408-9338</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Научный результат. Социология и управление</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2408-9338</issn></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18413/2408-9338-2022-8-2-0-5</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">2776</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>СОЦИАЛЬНАЯ СТРУКТУРА, СОЦИАЛЬНЫЕ ИНСТИТУТЫ И ПРОЦЕССЫ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>&lt;strong&gt;Гендерное разнообразие в индийском обществе: различие в идентичности между хиджрой и трансгендером&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp;</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>&lt;strong&gt;Gender Diversity in Indian society: Identity distinction between Hijra and Transgender&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;nbsp;</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ласкар</surname><given-names>Махмудул Хасан</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Laskar</surname><given-names>Mahmudul Hasan</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email>hasanlaskaramu@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1" /></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="aff1"><institution>Университет науки и технологий Мегхалая  Техно-Сити, Килинг-Роуд, Баридуа, 9-я миля, Ри-Бхой,  Мегхалая-793101, Индия</institution></aff><pub-date pub-type="epub"><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>8</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>0</fpage><lpage>0</lpage><self-uri content-type="pdf" xlink:href="/media/sociology/2022/2/60-72.pdf" /><abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В этнометодологическом объяснении социальной конструкции пола выделено естественное отношение общества к бинарным гендерным категориям (мужчины-женщины): гендерные группы, отличные от мужчин и женщин, социально и культурно отвергаются. Гендер в повседневной жизни &amp;ndash; это своего рода отображение внешности и поведения в формах мужественности и женственности. Гендер также описывается как поведение людей в их повседневной жизни. Бинарная гендерная система (мужчины-женщины) воспринимается как нормальная или социально приемлемая из-за &amp;laquo;естественного отношения&amp;raquo; (предвзятого представления о гендере) к определенным фиксированным социальным ролям и поведению мужчин и женщин. В статье исследуется, как социальная конструкция гендера противоречит гендерному разнообразию. В индийском обществе есть четыре гендерные категории: мужчины, женщины, трансгендеры и третий пол (хиджра). Показано различие между трансгендером и третьей гендерной идентичностью в индийском обществе. Хиджра &amp;ndash; это коренная третья гендерная категория в Индии, которая структурно противоречит обязательной бинарной гендерной системе, но трансгендеры или транссексуалы выступают за изменчивость сексуальной ориентации или сексуальных предпочтений.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Ethnomethodological explanation of the social construction of gender highlighted the natural attitude of society towards binary gender categories (men-women); gender groups other than men and women are socially and culturally rejected. Gender in everyday life is a kind of displaying appearances and behaviour in the forms of masculinity and femininity. Gender is also described as the performanceof individuals in their everyday life. The binary gender system (men-women) is perceived as normal or socially acceptable because of the &amp;ldquo;natural attitude&amp;rdquo; (preconceived notion regarding gender) regarding certain fixed social roles and behaviour of men and women. The paper has examined how the social construction of gender contradicts gender diversity.There are four gender categories in Indian society: Men, women, transgender and third gender (Hijra).It has shown the distinction between transgender and third gender identity in Indian society. Hijra is a native third gender category in India, thatstructurally contradicted the compulsory binary gender system but transgender or transsexuals arein favour of fluidity of sexual orientation or sexual preferences.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>гендерное разнообразие</kwd><kwd>трансгендер</kwd><kwd>третий пол</kwd><kwd>хиджра</kwd><kwd>небинарный пол</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Gender diversity</kwd><kwd>transgender</kwd><kwd>third gender</kwd><kwd>Hijra</kwd><kwd>Non-binary gender</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>Список литературы</title><ref id="B1"><mixed-citation>Benjamin, H. 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