The article describes the main theoretical aspects of the study of the technosphere. The authors analyze the definitions and concepts «technosphere», «technical reality», «technogenesis» that reveal the specificity of the technological environment from the perspective of different authors. The authors reveal the notion of exemplary embodiments of the technosphere, and the technosphere is regarded primarily as an integral part of the socio-cultural environment, which causes the processes of life support, socialization, communication, members of society. The article discusses the most widespread approach to the study of man-made environment, determines the tendencies of the current research in the area of interaction between society and technology. The authors designate the role of technological development in the social, cultural and environmental spheres and describe the most probable areas and prospects of development of society in terms of technical and strategic task for further investigation consisting in giving the manageability of the technical environment and human interaction with technology.